Bullying and Teasing Essay Essay Example

Tormenting and Teasing Essay Paper Deliberation The significance of the affirmation of terrorizing is to gain individuals to recognize and be discerning of what’s going on around them. For them to see the damage and injury it is doing each individual. The insights of terrorizing is overwhelming to such an extent that it energizing and startling at a similar clasp. Tormenting and Teasing: No Laughing Matter Unfortunately. bother is much of the time bit of turning up †about each child encounters it. Yet, it isn’t ever every piece harmless as it appears. Wordss can do harming. Prodding becomes solid outfitting when it is resolute or when there is a witting reason to throb another child. In the event that more individuals were discerning of the injury and mischief cause by solid equipping. individuals would look to hinder it more and there would be less casualties of it. It very well may be verbal terrorizing ( doing dangers. verbally abusing ) . mental terrorizing ( aside from kids. disseminating bits of gossip ) . or on the other hand physical terrorizing ( hitting. compelling. taking a child’s proprietorships ) . We will compose a custom exposition test on Bullying and Teasing Essay explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom exposition test on Bullying and Teasing Essay explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom exposition test on Bullying and Teasing Essay explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer How Bullying Starts Solid equipping conduct is winning all through the universe and it cuts across financial. racial/ethnic. what's more, social lines. Exploration laborers gauge that 20 to 30 for each centum of young children are engaged with solid outfitting occurrences. as either offenders or casualties. Solid outfitting can get down each piece right on time as preschool and raise during transitional stages. for example, get bringing down school in first class or going into the in the middle of school. Survivors of solid outfitting are every now and again shy and be given to be genuinely more vulnerable than their equivalents. They may other than hold low self-prides and hapless cultural achievements. which makes it hard for them to go to bat for themselves. Menaces consider these children safe imprints since they typically don’t fight back. Effectss of Strong-outfitting On the off chance that your child is the casualty of terrorizing. he may suffer truly and inwardly. also, his school task will most likely demo it. Evaluations dab in light of the fact that. on the other hand of tuning in to the educator. childs are asking what they did mistaken and whether anybody will sit with them at tiffin. On the off chance that tempestuous continues. they might be hesitant to make a trip to class. Issues with low self-prides and discouragement can last into development and meddle with individual and expert lives. Menaces are influenced too much. indeed, even into development ; they may hold inconvenience arranging positive connections. They are progressively arranged to use baccy and intoxicant. furthermore, to be insulting accomplices. Some surveies have even discovered a correlativity with ulterior condemnable exercises. Cautioning Signs On the off chance that you’re worried that your child is a casualty of bullying or solid outfitting. articulation for these characteristics of emphasis:* Increased resignation or backdown* Frequent weeping* Recurrent illnesses of physical side effects, for example, stomach-throbs or worries with no clear cause* Unexplained contusions* Sudden dab in classs or other procurement jobs* Not wanting to head out to school* Significant adjustments in cultural life †out of nowhere no 1 is naming or extending invitations* Sudden change in the way your child arrangements †naming herself a likewise ran. or on the other hand a previous companion a dimwit How to Help First. give your child boundless to talk. On the off chance that she describes frequencies of baiting or solid outfitting. be empathic. In the event that your child has issue verbalizing her emotions. peruse a story about children being You can other than use puppets. dolls. or on the other hand stuffed enliven creatures to elevate a youthful child to move out occupations. Once you’ve opened the entryway. help your child get down to issue understand. Pretend condition of affairss and become familiar with your child approaches to respond. You may other than require to help your child happen a way to go on by elevating her to make out and do new companions. She may fall in crews and school nines to extend her circle. At place and on the retreat zone: Grown-ups need to step in to help kids choose solid furnishing issues. be that as it may, naming another parent straight can be tricky except if the person in question is a dear companion. It is anything but difficult to happen yourself in a â€Å"he said/she said† proclamation. Attempt to happen a middle person: regardless of whether the terrorizing happens outside of school. an educator. advocate. supervisor. or then again after-school plan supervisor might have the option to help mediate a gainful treatment. On the off chance that you do happen yourself talking directly to the next parent. look to make it in individual rather than via telephone. Don’t Begin with a furious connection of the different child’s impudences. Put the stage for a collective assault by proposing heading out to the hotel region. or on the other hand strolling the children to class together. to recognize collaborations and mutually express dissatisfaction for any inadmissible conduct. At school: Numerous schools ( once in a while as segment of a statewide endeavor ) have designs especially intended to raise cognizance of solid furnishing conduct and to help guardians and educators manage it. Check with your nearby school an area to check whether it has such an arrangement. Schools and guardians can work viably off camera to help a kid meet and do new companions by means of overview gatherings or science-lab organizations. In the event that you are worried about your child: * Share with the educator what your child has let you know ; delineate any bother or solid outfitting you may hold saw. * Ask the educator in the event that she sees comparable conduct at school. also, enroll her guide in happening approaches to work out the activity. * If she hasn’t seen any instances of baiting. ask that she keep up an oculus out for the conduct you portrayed. * If the teacher says your child is being prodded. occur out whether there are any things he might be making in class to pull goading. Ask how he reacts to the bother. also, talk about helping him build up an increasingly useful reaction. * After the underlying discussion. be sure to do a subsequent task to talk how things are voyaging. * If the activity endures. or on the other hand the instructor disregards your interests. also, your child begins to withdraw or non want to venture out to class. see the chance of â€Å"therapeutic mediation. † Ask to run into with the school guide or therapist. or on the other hand bespeak a referral to the fitting school proficient. Tormenting and self destruction nexus together. Very few individuals see that. A cluster of adults despite everything see solid furnishing as† simply being a kid† . It is a genuine activity that prompts many negative impacts of casualties. counting self destruction. People groups don’t see however a significant piece of survivors of implosion are connected to being harassed. The measurements on terrorizing and implosion are terrifying: * Suicide is the third prima reason for expire among youthful individuals. resulting in around 4. 400 expires per twelvemonth. fitting to the CDC. For each implosion among juvenile individuals. there are in any event 100 self destruction endeavors. More than 14 for each centum of secondary school students have viewed self as devastation. also, around 7 for each centum have endeavored it. * Bully casualties are between 2 to multiple times bound to see self destruction than non-casualties. blending to surveies by Yale University * An overview in Britain found that in any event half of self-pulverizations among youthful individuals are identified with solid furnishing * 10 to 14 twelvemonth old misss might be at much higher danger for implosion. orchestrating to the overview above * Harmonizing to measurements detailed by ABC News. around 30 for every centum of understudies are either endures or survivors of terrorizing. furthermore, 160. 000 childs stay place from school each twenty-four hours in light of trepidation of solid outfitting Bully-related implosion can be associated with a solid equipping. counting physical terrorizing. enthusiastic terrorizing. digital terrorizing. what's more, sexting. or then again go arounding implicative or uncovered exposures or messages about a person. A few schools or parts have increasingly genuine occupations with terrorizing and implosion identified with solid outfitting. This might be because of an unreasonable employment with terrorizing at the school. It could other than be identified with the tendency of students who are presented to self destruction to see self destruction themselves. There are unnecessarily numerous childs out at that place. which are being tormented and prodded. I think ; I know whether more individuals were aware of this issue more and the damage it causes to each person’s life. they would try to prevent it. There would be a lower pace of tormented casualties.

Real Estate Investment Trusts :: GCSE Business Marketing Coursework

Land Investment Trusts A land venture trust, or REIT, is an organization that purchases, creates, oversees and sells land resources. There are three sorts of REITs; they are value REITs, contract REITs, and cross breed REITs. A value REIT is a partnership that buys, possesses and oversees land properties; it doesn't claim or start land credits. It might likewise create properties. A home loan REIT is an organization that buys, possesses and oversees land credits; it doesn't claim land properties. It might possibly start business as well as private advances. A half and half REIT is a partnership that buys, possesses and oversees both land credits and land properties. It has the characteristics of both a value and home loan REIT which is the reason it is alluded to as a cross breed. One of the most distinctive qualities of a REIT is that they are required to appropriate in any event 95% of available salary to investors. REITs permit members to put resources into an expertly overseen arrangement of land resou rces. This is significant in light of the fact that preceding Congress' making of REITs just very rich people had the option to profit by adventures in the land advertise. By pooling resources together in a way like that of a common store, REITs permit the ordinary financial specialist the opportunity to put resources into land properties. The primary advantage of a REIT is that it is absolved from twofold tax assessment. The typical organization is burdened on profit, and afterward when profits are paid, the individual accepting the profit is burdened. REITs can deduct profits disseminated from available salary. This outcomes in just one degree of tax assessment. The primary hindrance of a REIT is that since almost all income are appropriated as profits, the trust must discover cash-flow to reinvest into the business from different territories. These assets are generally brought by speculations up in the market, and through the capital increases acknowledged from the offer of the R EITs resources. The second strategy by which REITs acquire money to reinvest into the business raises a bookkeeping issue in regards to the grouping of benefits. Presently, the structures and property that REITs use to raise pay are named property, plant, and hardware. In any case, it very well may be contended that these benefits ought to be named stock. The bookkeeping meaning of property, plant, and hardware determines those properties of a tough sort utilized in the ordinary activities of the business.

Bureaucratic vs. Matrix Organizational Structures

Bureaucratic vs. Matrix Organizational Structures An organization is defined as a collective composed of individuals or groups of individuals, with different functions or roles, working together towards common goals. It involves different individuals, different tasks, different techniques, and different processes. This diversity, if left unchecked or unregulated, could lead to chaos and disorder. Order is required. Thus, it is inevitable that every organization should have a framework or a structure in order to keep all these differences on track towards that common goal.The organizational structure would then be used to establish a pattern within the organization on matters such as hierarchy, authority, division of work, and relationships and connections between and among the different functions. It is through this structure that the operations of the organizations are defined and subsequently carried out. © Shutterstock.com | Ditty_about_summerIn this article, we explore 1) the basic principles of an organizational structure; 2) bureaucratic structures; 3) matrix structures; as well as 4) the comparison of bureaucratic vs. matrix structures.BASIC PRINCIPLES OF AN ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURESpecialization â€" this is the division of work within the organization, according to the tasks or functions that the members or personnel specialize in. This special knowledge is then applied by the members towards the attainment of organizational goals. Horizontal specialization refers to the division of work according to the type of work at various levels within the organization, from top to bottom and vice versa. Vertical specialization refers to the division of work into departments.Coordination all the units, with their respective specializations or special knowledge are combined into a cohesive whole in order to work towards the organizational goals. It is applied through the following: A sing le superior is in place in order to establish a unity of command. Orders are received from only one superior, and the members are answerable or required to report to that one superior. The scalar principle is applied, whereby the chain of command starts from the top to the bottom, in a straight line. The principle of responsibility and authority holds that employees are responsible for the accomplishment of their assigned tasks while recognizing that they are under someone’s authority. The organization is understood to have undergone departmentalization (functional, product, users/customers, territory/geographic location, process or equipment). There is a specific number of units or individuals under one management, in order to clearly define the scope of control.Decentralization and Centralization This refers to how decision-making is assigned within the organization. If the decisions are left in the hands of top management, it is referred to as centralization. Decentralization, on the other hand, entails involvement of lower levels of management in the decision-making process.Line and Staff Relationships There are two types of authority often seen in organizations.There are two parties involved the superior (line employees) and the subordinate (staff employees). Accomplishment of goals is in the hands of the line employees, and they are provided support by the staff employees.The concept seems simple enough: there is an organization, and it needs a structure. However, not all organizations are the same. Depending on the nature of the organization, there are appropriate types of organizational structure that could be put into place.Today, we can classify the two most commonly used organizational structures into two: bureaucratic structures and matrix structures.BUREAUCRATIC STRUCTURESThe most basic organizational structure is simple and centralized, which means it mostly found in small organizations, particularly companies that fall under the sole propri etorship category. More often than not, there are only two or three levels in the hierarchy (which also happens to be another term for bureaucracy), making centralization easy.But growth and change is inevitable, and organizations have to be flexible to accommodate such changes. They could not rely on the simple centralized structure to keep working for them, especially when the organization becomes larger and its operations more complex or diversified. This is when the bureaucratic organizational structure was developed.The bureaucratic structure is one of the several types of classical organizational structures. Unlike the simple and traditional structure, however, the bureaucratic structure is more applicable to larger organizations or organizations that have more complex operations.A prime example of a bureaucratic organizational structure would have the PRESIDENT or top management on top, and below him would be the DEPARTMENT HEADS (second level) for Administrative, Research an d Development, Manufacturing, and Sales and Marketing. On the third level would be the DIVISION HEADS. For example, in the Administrative Department, there are division heads for Personnel/Human Resources and for Billing and Collection. Under the Sales and Marketing, there would be a division head for the Distribution and another for the Sales.Elements of a Bureaucratic StructureThere are two elements of a bureaucratic organizational structure that are deemed to be the most important. They are:Standard methods and procedures. Every bureaucratic organization must have standard procedures for the performance of work or the assigned tasks and responsibilities of its members.A level of control over the performance of said methods and procedures. The procedures are expected to be performed at a certain standard; therefore, there must be a high degree of control to ensure that these standards are observed and adhered to.Features of a Bureaucratic StructureThe following features and charac teristics are required in order for any bureaucratic structure to work.In any bureaucratic structure, employees or members of an organization have specialized tasks or functions that only they can perform, primarily due to their respective training and expertise. Thus, more often than not, employment in an organization that uses this type of structure is based on technical qualifications.A bureaucracy utilizes a hierarchical model, with tiers clearly defining the authority, responsibilities and functions at each level.Division of labor is strong in this type of structure, with almost all the tasks broken down into component parts, with the corresponding individuals assigned to perform them.A bureaucracy cannot be performed without having a set of formal rules or standard operating procedures (SOP) firmly in place. These rules clearly state or set forth the tasks that each level of the organization should perform.Strong boundaries and sense of identity.Advantages of a Bureaucratic St ructureEveryone in the organization knows their place. They know their position, the scope of their authority, their responsibility, and what they should and should not do, because everything has already been defined from the beginning.Efficient performance of tasksThis is down to the fact that the tasks are performed by trained personnel or individuals that have special training or knowledge with respect to the task at hand. The inevitable sharing of resources will also contribute to the performance of tasks in a more efficient and productive manner.High standards of quality control of organizational outputsSince the structure allows management to be able to closely monitor outcomes, the organization will be able to have standard products or services and quality control.Organizational stability is maintainedThanks to the fact that the organization functions like a well-oiled machine, following a set of formal rules and clearly defined authority and responsibility, the organization will be able to maintain a stable footing.Disadvantages of a Bureaucratic StructureSometimes, the advantages could also breed the disadvantages, and that is also seen in a bureaucratic structure.Individuals are limited to performing the tasks that they specialize inThis means they cannot “flex their muscles” and learn or perform beyond the scope of their skills, knowledge, training and expertise.Individuals tend to have a limited viewSince individuals are solely focused on performing their own tasks, they will have a limited view without knowledge of how it affects the other parts of the organization. They would be unable to recognize or realize that there is a problem outside their scope of expertise or specialization.Division between the top and bottom tiers of the hierarchyLower level employees will hesitate to react to some decisions made by higher management for fear of shaking up the hierarchy. At the same time, the upper levels are likely to not realize if there are probl ems going on the lower levels.Low morale and dissatisfaction with their workEmployees are more than likely to have low morale and dissatisfaction with their work after having to perform tasks repetitively. They are expected to perform specialized tasks, so that is basically all they do and all that is expected of them. Rarely, if ever, do they get to do something outside their scope of specialization.MATRIX STRUCTURESThe matrix organizational structure is merely one of the several modern organization designs that came about in recent years in order to accommodate the constantly changing landscape of business and organizations. In this specific type of structure, two types of structures are combined into a single, cohesive structure, resulting in a dual-authority system.The most common form of this type of structure is in an organization where managers, employees and groups are departmentalized based on their functions and on the products of their respective departments. This combine d functional and product grouping would then allow the organization to reap the benefits or the advantages of both types.A simple example of a matrix organization structure would be an electronics company. There are several departments based on functions, namely Research Development (RD), Finance, Sales and Marketing, Manufacturing, and Distribution. However, there are also three product lines: Television, Cameras, and Mobile Phones. All the departments are involved with these product lines, so coordination between and among all of them.Basic Matrix Management ModelsAccording to Kenneth Knight, there are three basic matrix management models.Coordination. In the electronics company example mentioned above, application of this model would have the employees from the departments working together in a cross-departmental manner, without leaving their respective departments.Overlay. In the example, an employee from the Finance Department will also become a member of the Sales and Marketi ng Department. This effectively makes him answerable to two managers or department heads: the Finance manager and the Sales and Marketing manager.Secondment. This is the more “mobile” model. An employee from the Finance department could move to the Sales department for a specific project. Once it’s done, he moves back to Finance.Features of a Matrix Organizational StructureA matrix organizational structure is characterized by the following:Instead of a linear management structure, it utilizes dual-reporting relationships. Individuals, regardless of which part of the organization they belong to, will have to report to different departments in order to complete a task or a project.Collaboration is one key feature in matrix structures, especially in settings where work teams are formed, drawing individuals from different parts of the organization, for the accomplishment of a specific project.Advantages of a Matrix StructureMany are opting to adapt the matrix organizational struct ure because it is deemed to be the most beneficial to them. Here are the advantages of this type of structure.Faster and more efficient flow of informationExchange of information is done in a speedier and more free-flowing manner due to the closer cooperation between and among the employees and the departments. Data-sharing is encouraged in this type of structure, flowing vertically and horizontally, so everyone gets access to the information they need.Response to change is fasterOne result of the faster flow and exchange of information is the improved rate of response to changes and other unforeseen circumstances. It is even more remarkable since it involves two or more departments within an organization.More efficient use of resourcesResources are utilized in a more efficient and cost-effective manner. Each department does not have to spend on tools, equipment and manpower, since they can source them from other departments.Personal and professional growth and development of manage rsThis type of structure tends to produce more specialized workers and more proficient managers, brought about by the sharing of information and the experience they obtain from being part of various projects, even those that are outside of their original departments.Improved sense of commitment and dedication to their jobsMembers of the organization will have more than a glimpse of the role they play in the grand scheme of things. Knowledge of how important or indispensable they are in the organization will boost their morale and motivate them to continue contributing to the attainment of the organizational goals and objectives.Disadvantages of a Matrix StructureCombining two organizational structures into the matrix type solves a lot of problems. However, it could also give rise to different ones. It is not without its disadvantages, which are discussed below:Confusion on authority and responsibility is rampantThe dual-authority system introduced causes confusion regarding the juri sdiction and scopes of responsibility and accountability to be ambiguous. The lines on the chain of command are blurry, further confusing the employees since they do not have a clear idea on who is in charge or in control.Another offshoot of this is the actual loss or lack of control of the managers even within their own departments or jurisdictions, since their employees would not know where to attach their loyalties to, or who to report to.There is a high possibility of conflicts within the organizationThe vague lines of authority will naturally give rise to conflicts and power struggles, especially if they are left unchecked by higher authorities or top management. It is no longer a rare sight to see disagreements arising from one manager telling one employee to do one thing and then another manager giving a different set of instructions that contradict that of the first one.This problem is not limited to management levels, since it could also trickle down to the work force. Sinc e decision-making is confined within respective groups, cliques, factions and informal groupings are likely to be formed.Higher initial and setup costsIn this type of organization, more personnel would be required, especially in the early stages of the organization. Thus, it requires more outlay on labor and overhead. The reporting requirements in matrix organizations tend to have more complexities, and this translates to higher expenditures.High instances of worker dissatisfactionConflicts tend to awaken in employees or workers feelings of dissatisfaction and dismay. As a result, they would try to seek for employment elsewhere, and the organization would be left in a bind, looking for manpower to replace the ones who left. This high turnover rate could also lead to the organization having a bad reputation in terms of its human resource management.BUREAUCRATIC VS. MATRIX STRUCTURES â€" WHICH IS BETTER?It is hard to say that this or that structure is the better option without taking into account several factors.Nature of operations of the organization. Organizations that have unique operations or operate at a fast pace are better off using the matrix structure because of its flexibility and adaptability.Size and scale of the organization. Matrix is said to be the more suitable structure for large organizations.Task specializations involved. You will find that the bureaucratic structure is best applied in organizations with complex tasks. Simple businesses will mesh better with a matrix structure.Level of standardization sought. If the organization aims to maintain high degrees of standardization, a bureaucratic structure is the way to go, since matrix organizations rarely, if ever, follow standard operating procedures. Often, they do not even have a set of formal rules or standards to follow.Centralization vs. Decentralization. In a bureaucracy, centralization is high, leaving the decision-making to the top management levels. If the organization does not care f or this and actually encourages decision-making in all levels, the matrix structure is most applicable.If you are after simplicity in the structure, a bureaucracy is the preferred option, since it has a tall structure, with authority retained at the top. In a flat structure like that of a matrix organization, authority is more spread out.CONCLUSIONBoth the bureaucratic and the matrix structures of organizations have their strengths and weaknesses. It is only a matter of looking at the organization and its goals in order to arrive at a decision on which model is more appropriate. Of course, it does not stop at making that choice on which organizational structure to adapt. The implementation of the chosen structure would also play an important role. Making the choice is only half the battle; putting it in place and making it work is where the real work begins.

Functions And Functions Of Management - 1113 Words

There are four primary functions involving management, which are considered the very life line and it’s existent. These four functions are instrumental and detrimental to the success and longevity of any company. Without these vital staples, a company is doomed before it is birth, and they are planning, organizing, leading and controlling. However, there is another essential component to the functions of management, and it is the important of diversity. In this paper I will identify the detailed function of these different components of management and explain their importance. With the most essential components being the planning phase, it is crucial that this particular entity is implemented correctly. With the other functions widely†¦show more content†¦The results of the performance will determine the reward or reprimand issued to the employee. While these are important functions of management, there are other equally important aspects of management, and they are the management of diverse and important. Management of diverse relates to the differences among individuals with in an organization. Diversity comprises of the race, gender, personality, education, ethnic group and the background of an individual to name a few. With America evolving into this enormous melting pot, different cultures and nationalities are able to integrate together as one within the confines of the workforce. Workplace diversity involves building a culture to unity dissimilar individuals to work collectively toward the same goal. This type of comradery builds mutual respect among workers and fosters a presence of cohesiveness. There are times when perfect unity is challenging to achieve among coworkers. However, the visible presence of the different strengths and talents achieved from a diverse group gains undeniable respect from their cohorts. Although the majority of us choose to live in perfect harmony, realistically this is not always the case. Yes, it is inevitable to experience conflict in the workplace; however, it is essential to create a resolution for each misunderstanding. Resolving workplace diversity conflicts eliminate possible litigations, as well as minimize probable lawsuits. Attaining aShow MoreRelatedFunctions And Functions Of Management Functions995 Words   |  4 PagesManagement functions are defined as â€Å"the ways that managers are grouped within an organisation to achieve specialist tasks† and refer to specific areas of practice that involve only a small group of managers who, usually, need particular training or experience and belong to relevant professional organisations. 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Vital Pieces of Essay Topics for the Glass Castle

Vital Pieces of Essay Topics for the Glass Castle The Hidden Secret of Essay Topics for the Glass Castle It's the reason behind lots of the disputes that the Walls family faces. The home is big and has a fine yard. Rose Mary can feed herself while her children are hungry and not feel any sort of guilt relating to this action. Moreover, the Walls experience an extremely cold winter in Welch, and attempt to keep warm any way possible. My favourite character would need to be the major character, Jeannette Walls. The children of the Wall's family must start the independent lives at a young age. The family is on the verge of starving. For instance, the Wall's family choose to purchase a home in, but they could only afford one which is old and run down. She shared it with different teachers. Students lead busy lives and frequently forget about an approaching deadline. Therefore, many students and employees decide to purchase inexpensive essay rather than writing it themselves. While there are numerous causes and effects of poverty, it's important to see the matter of poverty and its causes from all possible angles when one seeks to tackle the issue. In life, it's difficult to make it out all on your own. This situation made it so we all must come together. Therefore, it's only the return to classic family values that may save yourself the modern society from the complete degradation. It isn't important to us, whether you're too busy on the job concentrating on a passion undertaking, or simply tired of a seemingly infinite stream of assignments. It is crucial to note external heat can or cannot be applied throughout the full procedure. Among the techniques is by way of adverts in form of promotions. This, however, usually is contingent on the catalytic system used. It is possible to also secure different discounts on our site which will help you to save some more money for future orders or anything you want to spend them on. Forum shops also have been well equipped with various products to fit the needs of consumers. It is advised to look for the one which has a great reputation and offers high-quality papers at very affordable rates. The ideal investment it can make is by the caliber of education that is being offered by its schools. They might also realize they are different when they're exposed to what other individuals have and realize they have much less. The growth in population has led to a rise in the student population in most schools. About 60% of the populace have their own houses. They construct a strategy to earn money doing small jobs they will pool together and use to begin a new life in New York. The business announced the evolution of a new hotel on the property named Alon Las Vegas, which is now under construction. For example, one is equipped to observe customers swimming, dancing among other pursuits. Most Casinos'' have a tremendous arcade with each game you may think about. The Circus Casino was a great illustration of one. The majority of the Casino's have very fine restaurants and buffets. Introducing Essay Topics for the Glass Castle The Walls rarely settle down for at least a couple of months at a moment, and never remain within a location for over a few years. To sum up, they have ideas that they want to come true.

Influence of Stakeholders on Reigate College Free Essays

In this report I am going to investigate into Reigate College and evaluate into the business how different stakeholders in the organisation have an impact on the college all together. Evaluating which of the stakeholders has the most power and those who have the least power and impact on the college, also what roles they play towards the college and as individuals what impact they have on the different stakeholders within the college itself. Reigate College is a College based in Reigate with its aims and objectives is to provide a high quality education for 16-19 year old students in a supportive and caring community. We will write a custom essay sample on Influence of Stakeholders on Reigate College or any similar topic only for you Order Now Stakeholders: Reigate College is made up of a range of stakeholders those including the Owners, Customers, Employees, Government and Suppliers. All of these stakeholders have a role to play towards the company so that the College gains a good worthy reputation which will help them gain more students wanting them to go to the College as if the stakeholders choose to play their roll well and up to good standards this will result in a good outcome reflecting on the Students results and attendance etc. This will also reflect on their reputation as they already have been graded Outstanding by Ofsted. Below is a list and review of what stakeholders exist within the college and what rolls they play with what impact they have on the college itself and the other stakeholders. Customers: The Customers within Reigate College are the Parents and the Students that choose to attend the college. They attend the college in hope that the college provides them with a great education which will then provide them with good grades that will help them to gain a place in university or whether they choose to go into work. Either way these grades will provide them with an extra boost of knowledge and confidence for when they go on to their further education. If the teachers provide a good service to the students by providing them a good education this will then reflect on the college’s reputation which the college will then benefit from in the long run. So it is essential for the students and teachers to work well together to produce good grades. Not only will the good grades help the students and the college, but also it’s the college’s duty to provide skills such as punctuality, presentation skills and respect which the student will therefor benefit from in the further future. Employees: The employees of the college are the teachers, depending on which department the employee wishes to apply for depends on who employ’s them, so for an example if someone wishes to apply to be a business teacher, they would be interviewed by the head of the business department which will then be followed up by them again and it would be the head of the department which would then contact the employee to whether they got the job or not. It’s the teacher’s responsibility for them to share their knowledge and skills with the students to make sure they are taking in as much information as they can which will then help them in their courses and further education. If they do not provide this service to the students the students will then not be reaching their full potential which will then reflect again on the colleges reputation outcome and slims the chances of the students succeeding. Owner: The owner of Reigate College is Dr Paul Rispoli, he is responsible for the college as a whole, this means he is responsible for the health and safety of the students and staff within the college, also if the students have any main issues or problems with anything they should go to Paul to get this problem resolved. He has the greatest influence on the college as he has the person in the college who should be making sure everything in the college is in line and running as it should be, making sure the teachers are doing their job providing education to the students that attend the college and helping them reach their full potential. If he did not play his role towards the college everything would go totally wrong and the college would lose their reputation they have today. Teenagers would also be choosing to go to a different college as if the grades of the students at the college were gaining weren’t up to the standards they should be, people would then turn to look at other college’s, this would then be a downfall for Reigate as they want as many people as possible to choose Reigate college for the service they provide. Government: The Government work with the college to provide them with a budget of money which can go towards improving the process of the college for example with the money the government give the college they can use it to improve the image of the college by adding more buildings to expand the college to give students a wider choice around the college. Also the government provide the college with essential equipment to help enhance the learning of the students as individuals, such as stationary etc. lso as well as the government providing the college with essentials like stationary for the students they also provide exam boards etc. without the governments input on the college they would suffer a lot as there would not be enough money alone for the college to survive and help the students to succeed in what they want to do for their future career. As without money the college cannot provide the service for the students at a high standard as they would want to. Suppliers: The suppliers of Reigate College have also a great impact on the college as it is their duty to provide the college with anything they wish to purchase such as stationary and computers which help enhance the learning of the students. The college will employ different companies to provide different products such as one company will provide stationary and another computers and electronics. Without the input from these companies there would be no way for the students to learn apart from using text books, but again text books are also provided by a different company. So it would be very difficult for students to learn in the environment the college provide if they did not have the required equipment needed for the students to learn. So as a whole it is very important for Reigate to keep a close relationship with these sorts of suppliers to enable the sufficient of the students. How to cite Influence of Stakeholders on Reigate College, Essay examples

Organizational Structure Essays - Organizational Theory, Economy

Organizational Structure Organizational Structure In 1997 McKesson Corporation sold PCS INC. to Eli Lilly Company. It was a time when all employees were unsure of what was in store. Were there going to be layoffs, major changes or status quo? As it turned out, there were few changes that impacted the day to day life of the employees. In 1998 PCS was once again sold to Rite Aid Corporation. We are about to embark on this activity again as Advance Paradigm has purchased us from Rite Aid Corporation. Once the sale is complete, we will become Advanced PCS. PCS employees are familiar with organizational change. What type of organizational structure will work? I have been asked this many times during my tenure at PCS. I will explain whether benefits or difficulties will arise from each type. I believe there are various types in use throughout PCS today. The focus of my paper will be in my department, Materials Management, Corporate Mail Services. An organizational network is a system of interconnected or cooperating individuals according to Gary Dessler in Management, Leading People and Organizations in the 21st Century. PCS utilizes both formal and informal networks throughout the organization. In my department an informal network exists between the small groups. There are three managers, one assistant vice president, a vice president and several analysts and buyers. Analysts and buyers interact when keeping the data of the system in sync. We don't have any formal relationship to each other but are dependent on the expertise of each. Within the data group, there is a formal network made up of a manager and two analysts. Purchasing has a manager and several buyers. These two groups are very formal and structured. Problems are reported to the manager and passed up the line if necessary. Throughout PCS there is an electronic network. The company is spread out over four local campuses and nine regional offices. E-mail is the communication method of choice. The sales group is electronic and meets formally each quarter with the sales managers and directors. Even within my department, for documentation, e-mail is the communication method. Prior to working in Materials Management, the group I work with would be defined as team based and boundaryless. The person in charge wanted to build a self managed team that would function without boundaries. Our team, RECAP III, was made up of employees from each department in the company. Gary Dessler defines boundaryless as having fewer boundaries than traditional structural mechanisms. Standard operating procedures and process flows began to be created both for the core business and RECAP III as well. What PCS needed to do was to ?build the organization around the new software and the software around the customer? (Executive Edge, 1996, p. 2). These changes were to be made to meet the needs of the customer, based on what they told us what they wanted. I have tried to bring this strategy to Materials Management. I began creating Standard Operating Procedures. For this department having been together only one year, there was little to no documentation. I have looked for ways to make the workflow easier and communication easier. ?You must lay a proper groundwork, involving those who will be affected by the change and obtain commitment from the relevant stakeholders? (Pfeiffer & Company, 1993, p. 5). Also involved in Materials Management are employees in two mail order facilities who have been independent. The corporate group was taking back control of all data. People were being locked out of the system. Inquiry was the rule of the day. Standardization began and everyone as beginning to see this was for the best. PCS uses many different types of organizational structures yet we are lead by the traditional. The CEO passes the company plans, goals and strategy to all employees. The company also respects the voice of the employee. Every three years all employees complete an independent survey and then the results are passed back to us. I believe every company at one time or another uses all types of organizational structures. In many occupations I've had during my working life, I have been involved in each of them. My hope is to someday take the knowledge I've gained and use it wisely in an organization of

Children in China essays

Children in China essays Chinese do not begin dating until their early twenties. They usually only date a couple people, sometimes only one, before they choose their mate. Most people do not marry until an average age of 25 to 30 years of age. Children usually live with their parents until they are married. Traditionally, after marriage, the newlyweds would move in with the husbands family. It is becoming typical for the newlyweds to move into their own apartment after a short honeymoon. By Chinese law, families are only allowed to have one child. China began enforcing a one-child policy in the early 80's. Couples residing in urban areas were only allowed to have one child. In some rural areas, couples were allowed to have more than one child after a gap of at least four years. Leaders of China have always been trying to slow the population. China is the only country to ever enforce a one-child family policy. Billboards and radio messages tell people that it is patriotic to have fewer children. Families with only one child are given rewards such as higher wages and larger apartments. Disciplinary measures for those who have more than one child can include fines, withholding of social services, demotion, and other punishments that can include loss of employment. Fines for not abiding by the one child policy can vary depending on where you live. Today, the harsh one-child policy is still enforced but not as strictly. The estimated fertility rate of women in China is at 2.1 births per woman. This shows that the one-child policy does not apply to most couples. The policy mostly affects families in urban areas. Families in these areas must still get permission from the government to have a child. If couples in urban areas were only children themselves, they might now receive permission to have two children. In rural areas of China, families with more than one child are becoming the normality. Families in rural areas have an average ...

3 Causes of Deindustrialization

3 Causes of Deindustrialization Deindustrialization is the process by which manufacturing declines in a society or region as a proportion of total economic activity. It is the opposite of industrialization, and therefore sometimes represents a step backward in the growth of a society’s economy. Causes of Deindustrialization There are a number of reasons why a society might experience a reduction in manufacturing and other heavy industry. A consistent decline in employment in manufacturing, due to social conditions that make such activity impossible (states of war or environmental upheaval). Manufacturing requires access to natural resources and raw materials, without which production would be impossible. At the same time, the rise of industrial activity has done great harm to the very natural resources on which industry depends. In China, for example, industrial activity is responsible for record levels of water depletion and pollution, and in 2014 more than a quarter of the countrys key rivers were deemed unfit for human contact. The consequences of this environmental degradation are making it more difficult for China to sustain its industrial output. The same is happening in other parts of the world where pollution is on the rise.A shift from manufacturing to service sectors of the economy. As countries develop, manufacturing often declines as production is shifted to trading partners where the costs of labor are l ower. This is what happened to the garment industry in the United States. According to a 2016 report by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, apparel experienced the largest decrease among all manufacturing industries with a decrease of 85 percent [over the last 25 years]. Americans are still buying as many clothes as ever, but most apparel companies have moved production overseas. The result is a relative shift in employment from the manufacturing sector to the service sector. A trade deficit whose effects preclude investment in manufacturing. When a country purchases more goods than it sells, it experiences a trade imbalance, which can reduce the resources needed to support domestic manufacturing and other production. In most cases, the trade deficit must become severe before it begins to have a negative effect on manufacturing. Is Deindustrialization Always a Negative? It is easy to view deindustrialization as the result of a suffering economy. In some cases, though, the phenomenon is actually the result of a maturing economy. In the United States, for example, the â€Å"jobless recovery† from the financial crisis of 2008 resulted in deindustrialization without an actual decline in economic activity. Economists Christos Pitelis and Nicholas Antonakis suggest that improved productivity in manufacturing (due to new technology and other efficiencies) leads to a reduction in the cost of goods; these goods then make up a smaller relative portion of the economy in terms of overall GDP. In other words, deindustrialization is not always what it looks like. An apparent reduction may in fact just be the result of increased productivity relative to other economic sectors. Similarly, changes in the economy like those brought about by free trade agreements may lead to a decline in domestic manufacturing. However, these changes usually have no adverse effects on the health of multinational corporations with the resources to outsource manufacturing.

Assignment 1 is Thesis Critique and Assignment 2 Article Critique Essay

Assignment 1 is Thesis Critique and Assignment 2 Article Critique - Essay Example The study is important in that it contributes to the creation of more theoretical knowledge in the field of study, through creating a clear understanding of alcoholism and the factors that contributes to such a practice. In contributing to the theoretical knowledge, the study differentiates the normal contributory factors to alcoholism, to display the particular ones that are related to individuals with parental responsibilities (Kalekye, 2010). Additionally, the study contributes to more knowledge in the field of study by providing new methodologies, policies, and practices applicable in controlling this practice. The study suggests how rehabilitation, counseling, and family support can be applied to help such individuals overcome the addiction and take up the parental responsibilities. However, the study lacks well-defined research variables. Sampling Techniques and Sample The samples for use in the study were obtained from the central province of Kenya, arguably since it is the mo st affected of all the regions. Random sampling was used to identify the households from which individuals will be sampled. Stratified and systematic sampling techniques were used to identify the particular individuals who will be investigated from such households (Kalekye, 2010). Thus, a sample of 1054 households, consisting of 3172 individuals with parental responsibilities was applied for the study, running between 2008 and 2010. In consideration of the whole Kenyan population, and in regard to the diversity of the Kenyan communities, some of which consider alcoholism as a taboo, then this sample is not representative of the total population, and thus the findings may not be reliable to give the actual situation Design, Procedure, Instrumentation The study has effectively referred to previous studies undertaken in this field. A pilot study was also undertaken in 2008 (Kalekye, 2010). The study also analyzed references, by undertaking a literature review, such as reviewing the UNE SCO report of 2009 and the NACADA of 2010. Such evaluation was the basis of formation of the research hypothesis, which postulated that, there is a high rate of parental alcoholism and alcohol abuse in central Kenya region, more than in any other part of the country (Kalekye, 2010). Another hypothesis was that the children and spouses of alcoholics are more likely to be involved in alcohol and other drugs abuse (Kalekye, 2010). The study has stated its problem, objectives, and hypothesis in a clear and understandable manner. Both Quantitative and qualitative methodologies were applied under the study. Questionnaires and interview guide were applied as the data collection instruments, which were more appropriate for the study. The rationale of applying such instruments is that it would take less time to administer and collect information, while also affording an opportunity to apply observation, which gives the real picture of the situation However, the sample considered was not suff icient to give reliable basis of the findings on the study. The procedure of the study is well defined; where the study first embarked on a pilot study in 2008. This was followed by developing and refining interview questions as well questionnaires. Then, the questions and questionnaires were administered and

Executives Pay Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Executives Pay - Essay Example Furthermore, the article argues that shortage of good executives would drive pay up even further in the future. The top 250 executives do not have a big difference in talent; it's merely a case of the size of the company these executives run. Also, Lucian Bebchuk argues that pay is not parallel to performance or productivity, and that CEO's take great care to hide their true compensation. The practices of the bankers brought the financial system on the brink of collapse. After help from taxpayer dollars, the financial system is getting back to normal and paychecks are reaching are in line with financial recovery. These are times of rising unemployment and executives are using all forms of power within their reach to stop any reforms from the government. Is the U.S. government ready to take on the bankers just yet Mr. Summers criticized the U.S. Chamber of Commerce and their campaign of forming an agency to protect consumers against financial abuses. But apart from this, a major change in the way executives are paid is required. Executives are paid huge amounts when they deliver short term profits, but they aren't punished when their short term decisions turn into long-term barriers for growth and profit. They walk away with their rewards, leaving their corporation in trouble and hence, pushing the financial system into rubble. The Fed wants to enact laws which would decrease executive salaries if banks face losses, and it would make it compulsory for banks to link pay with long term results rather than short term. The administration's stance on reforming pay structure is not just a populist stance, but also good politics and good economics. Outline II-Economic Analysis A Contrarian Look at Whether U.S. Chief Executives Are Overpaid According to this article, CEO Pay is measured by the increase or decrease in the stock value of the company. In the past two decades, pay has increased in line with increases in the market capitalization of corporations. The writer is off the opinion that increases in stock value is a sign that economic decisions made by the executives are quality ones, and hence, they deserve high pay. Another argument that they present is the fact that the number of companies is more relative to the number of good executives. Therefore, an executive or CEO who worked for a big company would easily get a CEO position in another company and get paid high salary. Part of the reason for this is the shortage of CEO's in the United States. Perhaps, the demand and supply in other countries is at a better equilibrium and this has resulted in lower relative salaries. The advocates of reformed pay structure argue that high pay is correlated to bad governance and is not related to productivity. Reform or Bust This article points out that since executives are not punished when their corporation faces loss, but given rewards when their decisions cause short term profits, it facilitates excessive risk taking on part of the executives. Executives take risk because there is no accountability. Furthermore, the author of the article says that the Fed is considering making it compulsory for banks to link pay with long term performance. This would make CEO's more accountable and would urge them to try their best

Effects of Theatre Arts on Emotional Intelligence

Effects of Theatre Arts on Emotional Intelligence This study has attempted to examine the impact that an individuals involvement in Theatre Arts has on his or her Emotional Intelligence (EI). The hypothesis in the present research is thus, there is a positive relationship between ones involvement in theatre arts and their emotional intelligence. Participants of this study were residents of Bangalore city, India (N=80). The scale which was employed in this research to administer on the sample was the Emotional Intelligence Scale, developed by Anukool Hyde, Sanjyot Pethe and Upinder Dhar. The findings of the study were such that individuals who have been active participants of theatre arts had a higher EI (M=138.67) than those individuals who were not exposed to the theatre arts (M=129.65). These results indicate that exposure to, participation in and the understanding of the theatre arts is highly useful in emotional, and hence mental well-being. EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND THEATRE ARTS Emotional intelligence (EI) is defined by Cooper and Sawaf (1997) as the ability to sense, understand and effectively apply the power and acumen of emotions as a source of human energy, information, connection and influence. It comprises of the power to perceive accurately, evaluate and express emotions; the ability to comprehend emotions and emotional knowledge and intellectual growth. It also is characterized by- self awareness, mood management, self motivation, empathy, managing relationships. The most extensively recognized definition of emotional intelligence, is that given by Peter Salovey and John D. Mayer, who have been leading researchers in the field, and is defined as the subset of social intelligence that involves the ability to monitor ones own and others feelings and emotions, to discriminate among them and to use this information to guide ones thinking and actions (1990). What popularized the study of emotional intelligence is the publication of Golemans bestselling Emotional Intelligence in 1995. This model introduced by Daniel Goleman places its focus on leadership performance guided by a large collection of competencies and skills by means of emotional intelligence (Goleman, 1988). Golemans model demarcates four main EI constructs, namely, self-awareness, which is the ability to construe ones emotions and understand their influence while using intuitions and instincts to direct decisions; self-management, that which has to do with controlling ones emotions and impulses and adjusting in new situations; social awareness, the ability to discern, comprehend, and respond to others emotions; and relationship management, the ability to motivate, influence, and develop others while dealing with difficult situations (Bradberry, Travis and Greaves, Jean, 2009). The origins of this subject can be traced back to Darwins work on the importance of emotional expression for survival (Bar-On, 2006). In The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals (1872), Darwin put forth that human emotional expressions have an adaptive and survival value, and that this feature has its consequences in its evolution. However, he posited that there are some human reactions which are not of significant survival value now, but were in the past, and that this, coupled with a similarity of emotional expression among all human beings suggests a common descent from an earlier pre-human ancestor (Encyclopaedia of Psychology, n.d.). In the twentieth century, publications began appearing with the work of Edward Thorndike on social intelligence in 1920, which described the skill of understanding and managing other people (Bar-On, 2006). Many of these early studies focused on describing, defining and assessing socially competent behaviour (Chapin, 1942; Doll, 1935; Moss Hunt, 1927; Moss et al., 1927; Thorndike, 1920). This was then followed by studies on the influence of non-intellectual factors on intelligent behaviour, by D Wechsler (as cited in Bar-On, 2006) and the concept of multiple intelligences as put forth by Howard Gardner in 1983 (Smith M.K., 2002). In the recent years the study of emotional intelligence has escalated. Research includes areas ranging from emotional intelligence and its relationship with work place and social competencies to its influence on a healthy and productive life as such (Consortium for Research on Emotional Intelligence in Organizations, http://www.eiconsortium.org/about_us.htm) . For example, emotional intelligence has become increasingly popular as a measure for identifying potentially effective leaders, and as a tool for developing effective leadership skills (Palmer, Walls, Burgess, Stough, Leadership and Organization Development Journal, 2001). In the study mentioned, emotional intelligence correlated with several components of transformational leadership suggesting that it may be an important component of effective leadership. In particular emotional intelligence may account for how effective leaders monitor and respond to subordinates and make them feel at work. Further in a study conducted by the Center for Creative Leadership, in the USA, individual scores as obtained by a multi-rater feedback tool called Benchmarks were compared to self-reported emotional intelligence as measured by the BarOn EQ-I, and the findings were that key leadership skills and perspectives are related to aspects of emotional intelligence and the absence of emotional intelli gence was related to career derailment (Leadership Skills and Emotional Intelligence, Center for Creative Leadership, http://www.ccl.org/leadership/pdf/assessments/skills_intelligence.pdf, 2003). The study of emotional intelligence has been of high momentum in the field of healthcare as well. In the year 2000, study conducted by Joseph Cairochi, Frank P. Deane and Stephen Anderson, Department of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Australia, hypothesized that EI would make a unique contribution to understanding the relationship between stress and three important mental health variables, depression, hopelessness, and suicidal ideation. This was a cross-sectional study where university students were required to evaluate their life-stress, objective and self-reported emotional intelligence, and mental health. One of the findings revealed that stress was associated with greater suicidal ideation among those low in managing others emotions (MOE). MOE was shown to be statistically different from other relevant measures, suggesting that EI is highly essential in understanding the link between stress and mental health. Emotional Intelligence and Alexithymia- Alexithymia- literally without words for emotions, in Greek- was a term originally coined by psychotherapist Peter Sifneos in 1973 in order to describe a state of deficiency in understanding, processing or describing emotions (Bar-On Parker, 2000, p40-59, Taylor ,1997, p28-31). Alexithymia is defined by many factors, such as, difficulty identifying feelings and distinguishing between feelings and the bodily sensations of emotional arousal; difficulty describing feelings to other people; constricted imaginal processes, as evidenced by a paucity of fantasies; a stimulus-bound, externally oriented cognitive style. (Taylor,1997, p29). Logically, one would expect an inverse relation between the constructs of alexithymia and emotional intelligence. This expectation has been supported in the literature. Schutte et al (1998) found that in a sample consisting of University students, a self-report measure of emotional intelligence (the Self Report Emotional Intelligence Test) was significantly inversely correlated with the Toronto Alexithymia Scale, which was used as the standard measure for alexithymia . Research with larger community samples has particularly found significant associations. For example, Parker, Taylor, and Bagby (2001) found a strong negative correlation between the Emotion Quotient Inventory and the TAS in a sample of 734 community members (Stys, Brown, 2004, A Review of the Emotional Intelligence- Literature and Implications for Corrections, 28). According to Johanna Vanderpol (n.d.)- author, speaker, coach and workshop provider in emotional intelligence and emotional well-being, Canada- art and play, which are forms of emotional expression, are the essential ways in which individuals, especially young children, expand their abilities and master their environment, further stating that emotional expression is but a part of developing emotional intelligence. One such study presented a series of experiential exercises designed to use visual arts and poetry in classroom settings to increase students awareness and recognition of emotion-two key components of emotional intelligence (Morris, Urbanski, Fuller, 2005). In a study titled Emotional Intelligence and the Performing Arts: Crossing Disciplinary Boundaries, an experiential training program that employed the Ability Model of emotional intelligence (Salovey and Mayer, 1990, 1997) was combined with performing arts and drama therapy to create a workshop program, whose aim was to increase the awareness of the role of emotions in working life, and provided interactive learning opportunities to engage with complicated emotional dilemmas arising from their leadership roles. Survey results from the workshops and a focus-group at three months follow-up revealed that participants used the learning experience of the workshop to address and resolve specific leadership challenges in their role (Rauk er, Skinner, Bett, 2009). The current study attempts to show a relationship between emotional intelligence and ones involvement in the Theatre Arts. Theatre, or Drama, as it is more commonly known, is the most integrative of all the arts: it can and often does, include singing, dancing, painting, sculpture, storytelling, puppetry, music, poetry and of course, the art of acting (Snow, DAmico, Tanguay, 2003, p73). Also it has been of wide contention that there is an innate healing function in theatre which goes all the way back to its origins in human culture (Bates, 1988; Emunah, 1994; McNiff, 1988; Pendzik, 1988; Snow, 1996). A wide range of study has been done on the influence of drama on psychological well being and the role it plays in psychotherapy, hence giving rise to the concept of Drama Therapy. Drama therapy is one of the several expressive or creative art therapies among which are art therapy, dance/movement therapy, music therapy, poetry therapy and psychodrama, concerning the therapist and the cli ent who attempt to evaluate their life experiences as they engage in a largely creative process, in this case through the media of drama and theatre (Landy, 2006, p135). One such drama therapy technique that has been studied is Dramatic Resonances. This method is based on the creative responses that participants offer from within dramatic reality to an input posed from outside dramatic reality (Pendzik, 2008, p217). Further, therapeutic theatre has been a growing field and which is an approach that involves a therapeutic development of a play and its presentation in front of an audience (Pendzik, 2008). It is defined as the therapeutic development of a play in which the roles are established with therapeutic goals in mind; the whole process of play production is, in fact, a form of group psychotherapy; it is all facilitated by a therapist skilled in drama; and finally the play must be performed for a public audience (Snow, DAmico, Tanguay, 2003, p73). However, according to Robert J. Landy, though the field of drama therapy has been growing by the numbers, university-based training programs in the USA are inadequate (Landy, 2006). This trend could be an indicator of a potential consequent decline in the study of this field. This paper aims to encourage a positive shift from such a trend and bring about a focus on an increasing awareness and attestation of the constructive relationship between Drama and emotional intelligence. Considering the significant research that has gone into the relationship between emotional well-being and the theatre arts, largely in the West, this study attempts to investigate the prevalence of a positive relationship between a thorough involvement in the Theatre Arts and emotional intelligence, among individuals residing in a theatre-active city in India. The study is conducted by means of a questionnaire that is based on the Emotional Intelligence Scale, as completed by a total of 120 individuals, all of whom reside in Bangalore, India, a city acclaimed for its active involvement in the theatre arts. Methodology Participants The study was conducted by means of a standardized questionnaire, viz. the Emotional Intelligence Scale (EIS), as completed by a total of 80 individuals, all of whom reside in Bangalore, India, a city acclaimed for its active involvement in the theatre arts. Of these 80 individuals, 40 belong to the control group. This group consists of individuals who have not been exposed to the theatre arts. Of these 40 individuals, 20 belong to the age group of 20-25 years (M age-group= 21.5) while the rest belong to the age group of 30-35 years (M age-group= 32). The experimental group consists of 40 individuals who have been active members of theatre associations across the city. Of these 40 individuals, 20 belong to an age group of 30-35 years (M age-group=32.5); while the rest belong to an age-group of 20-25 years (M age-group=21.5). Ethical concerns were met with, as the participants were informed of the purpose of the study, were made to sign a consent form before participating in the study and were assured of confidentiality. Materials The questionnaire used was a standardized Emotional Intelligence Scale developed by Anukool Hyde, Upender Dhar Sanjyot Pethe, in the year 2001, published by Vedant Publications, Lucknow and consisted of 34 questions based on the Likert scale, in a way that the participant was asked to respond to each statement-question by choosing one of the five options- Strongle Agree, Agree, Uncertain, Disagree, Strongly Disagree. Design This study fundamentally deals with two variables which are involvement in the theatre arts and emotional intelligence, the dependent variable being emotional intelligence and the independent variable being involvement in theatre arts. Of the 80 individuals, 40 belonged to the control group, consisting of individuals who have not been exposed to the theatre arts. The experimental group consists of 40 individuals who have been active members of theatre associations across the city. Of these 40 individuals, 20 belong to an age group of 30-35years and have had experience in one or more of the various aspects of theatre such as acting, directing, story-telling, music, etc for a minimum of 10 plays; while the rest belong to an age-group of 20-25 years and have similarly participated in a minimum of 5 plays so far. This division of age groups was employed with an aim to represent a growth in the groups emotional intelligence. Procedure The experimental group was obtained at an auditioning program held by Evam, a leading dramatics association in Bangalore, when 40 individuals, some who were auditioning and some organizing, were approached to on a one to one basis, and made to fill out the EIS questionnaire each. Demographic details as their age, sex and experience in theatre were taken. The control group consisted of randomly selected individuals who reside Bangalore, and have had no experience of involvement in the theatre arts. They were similarly made to fill out the EIS, along with their respective corresponding details. The entire study was conducted in one city in an attempt to maintain a certain consistency in obtaining the results, and minimising any potential disparity. Results With the raw scores obtained, the statistical analysis that followed included finding out the mean, standard deviation, standard error of the difference between the means of two samples and employing of a non-parametric test as the Mann-Whitney U test. In the results obtained for the Mann-Whitney U test, the z values of sampling distribution of U an U, 2 and 5.68 respectively, were found to be significant at both 0.05 and 0.01 levels. The average mean for the experimental group was 138.67, and for the control group was 129.65. For the experimental group, the value of standard deviation was found to be 8.83. For the control group, the SD obtained was 1.11. In determining the significance of the difference between the two means of the two groups, the standard error obtained was 2.10, for which the z value was found to be 4.29. Thus, the computed z value was found to be significant at both 1% and 5% significance levels. Further, the Mann-Whitney U test was employed to the subgroups under the experimental group in order to show a positive relation between the two. While the z value obtained for U was found to be 1.48, implying insignificant at 0.05 and 0.01 significance levels, the z value obtained for U was 7.85, which meant significant at both 0.05 as well as 0.01 significance levels. Discussion This paper has attempted fundamentally to study the symbiotic relationship between ones involvement in the theatre arts and their emotional intelligence, and how, with time and experience, an increasing involvement in the same renders one to develop greater EI, which in turn implies an increased accuracy in perceiving, appraising, managing and expressing emotions. As Cooper and Sawaf demonstrated in 1997, the characteristic manifests of a high EI include self-awareness, mood management, self motivation, empathy and managing relationships. Thus, through investigating the levels of emotional intelligence of the participating individuals, and inquiring into their experience in the theatre arts, the researcher has arrived at findings which show a positive relationship between the two variables. From examining the results obtained, some of the deductions are, that young adults who involve in the theatre arts as drama (acting), music, story-telling, and direction, tend to have a high emoti onal intelligence as compared to young adults who do not engage in any of the theatre arts; and that with time and experience these individuals could possibly have a propensity to a consistent growth in their EI, again, as compared to individuals of their age, who have had no inclination towards the theatre arts. These two findings could further imply that these individuals would be likely to have more rewarding, productive and successful lives. One more supposition which could be drawn from the results of this study is that these individuals could be liable to do better coping with the stress and setbacks, implying a lowered risk of heart disease, anxiety attacks, psychological distress, sleep problems, high blood pressure, poor immune function, alcoholism, etc (Mikolajczack, Luminet, Menil, 2006; Hunt, Evans, 2002; Trinidad, Johnson, 2000). However, there are some probable challenges that can be posed to these conclusions. The entire study was based in one single city, and the cha llenge in this case is that the theatre-culture may vary from city to city, just as from theatre-group to theatre-group. Therefore, generalizing the results would have to be limited only to the city where the study was conducted. Further, the study did not consider the role gender could play in the relationship between ones EI and their involvement in the theatre arts, as there was no categorization of the two sexes while conducting the study. This could, in fact, entail future experiment on whether gender plays a role in the development of EI, by way of thorough involvement in the theatre arts. Additionally, the researcher has considered the theatre arts as a whole, comprising of its various aspects such as acting, music, story-telling, and direction. The participants of the study belonging to these categories were distributed unequally. Thus, the results obtained in the study are required to be considered generically and cannot be taken into account categorically. Probably, furthe r research could be carried out to study the individual aspects, such as acting, alone, for example, and studying the aspects relationship with the participants emotional intelligence. One possible source of error and an intervening variable could have been the environment of administering the test and the mental set of the participant while filling out the questionnaire. It must be noted that the study was conducted at an auditioning program of a theatre group and that most of the participants of the study had only just finished their turn at the audition. It can be assumed that the mental set of the participant at this stage, could have possibly affected his or her responses in the test. In other words, the participants perception of his or her own performance at the audition, which could either have been positive and affirmative or negative and uncertain of his or her chances to be successful in the attempted task, is likely to have influenced the responses he or she provided in the Emotional Intelligence Scale. A possible remedy for this, to neutralize the effects of the performance at the audition, could be that the researcher could provide the participant with a time-gap of approximately half an hour, following which, the test could be administered, assuming that consequently, the participant is less likely to be influenced by the audition-performance while responding to the given test. In conclusion, this study has successfully investigated the issue it primarily aimed to, and in spite of the potential challenges faced in the deduction of its findings, it has proved the hypothesis that there is a positive relationship between ones involvement in the theatre arts and their emotional intelligence. The findings of the study entail further research in the vast area of psychological health and the creative arts, of which the theatre arts are an integral part, especially in India, as the current study was conducted with an aim to bring about an awareness in the Indian society, of the great advantages of the theatre arts and its positive relationship with psychological well-being.

How does F. Scott Fitzgerald tell the story in chapter 2 of ‘The Great Gatsby’? Essay

The introduction of Tom’s mistress, Myrtle, in Chapter Two of ‘The Great Gatsby’ plays as the focal point of the chapter. It begins with Tom and Nick travelling into New York on the train, however they get off in the Valley of Ashes, a derelict setting between West Egg, East Egg and New York. The pair stop at a mechanics, and speak with the man who is married to Myrtle, Wilson. Myrtle, Tom and Nick then go to their New York apartment, and have a party with a few other guests. This party is the first real introduction of the mass consumption of liquor at the time, which was due to Prohibition. It highlights the excessive nature of the time, which is a constant theme in the novel, as seen at Gatsby’s elaborate parties. F Scott Fitzgerald uses the narrative techniques to establish the characters, whether they have been introduced to the reader or not already, and to expose the effects of the elaborate, greedy lives the wealthy lived on the less fortunate peopl e. The setting of the Valley of Ashes is key in telling the reader how the excessive lives lived by the wealthy is harming the less fortunate. Firstly, the repetition of the word ‘ash’ allows the reader to fully understand how desolate the Valley of Ashes is. It carries connotations of smoke, and dullness. The word ‘ash’ may be symbolic, as this is where the fire has been burnt out; there are no excessive parties, and the people here are not as colourful or as full of life as those in West Egg and East Egg. Furthermore, the valley is described as ‘fantastic farm and grotesque gardens’. As both farms and gardens are places in which things grow, it could be informing the reader that the mass production of things, along with the wild lifestyles of the wealthy, is causing this destruction, and that it will grow if it continues. It allows the reader to understand that the people living there are almost bi-products of the wealthy people’s elaborat e lives. Another interpretation of this, could be that it is proleptic and symbolic of Tom and Daisy’s actions at the end of the novel, and they are ruining people’s lives, just as the lives of those in the Valley of Ashes have been ruined. The juxtaposition between the grey setting here, and the frivolous  and colourful setting of West Egg and East Egg is symbolic of the differences between the people living in those areas, and the kinds of lives they lead. F Scott Fitzgerald uses the contrast and characterisation of Myrtle and Daisy to add to the story of ‘The Great Gatsby’. This can be seen through colour symbolism, and the juxtaposition between the colours that represent Myrtle’s character and Daisy’s character. Myrtle is said to be wearing a ‘spotted dress – blue’. Blue is a rich, sensual colour, which is juxtaposed against the colours that represent Daisy through her clothing, which are white. While white is a colour of purity, blue is a colour of sensuality. This informs the reader that Myrtle is a lot less innocent than Daisy, which we know due to the fact she is having an affair. It may also inform the reader a reason as to why Tom decided to start having the affair with her; Daisy was too innocent for him, and he wanted someone with a more obvious sexual desire and drive. The innocence of Daisy may, however, be seen as ironic by some readers, as she too has an affair, with Gatsby, and kills Myrtle. The reader can become aware that Myrtle is unhappy in her marriage and where she lives, and she is too bright and colourful herself to live somewhere are grey as the Valley of Ashes. The narrator says that ‘†¦ there was an immediately perceptible vitality about her, as if the nerves of her body were continually smouldering’. The use of the word ‘smouldering’ is significant, as it is as if Myrtle is burning, or that she is on fire. The importance of this symbolism is that it informs the reader that she does not belong in this place of ash, as she she feels as if she is a part of the fire, and that she belongs with the people that created the ash, despite the situation she is in with her husband. It could be telling the reader that she wishes to get out of there. However, when she does try to escape later in the novel, she is killed. This could be telling the reader of the social boundaries present, as those from the Valley of Ashes cannot simply leave to be a part of the frivolous lives lived in East Egg and West Egg. The narrative perspective supplied to the reader in ‘The Great Gatsby’ is the voice of Nick Carraway. His character is revealed greatly through this in  chapter 2, as his opinion on the party in New York is made clear, allowing the reader to understand that he believes he is outside of the party, and is not like the other people there. This is most obvious when the novel readers ‘I wanted to get out and walk eastwards towards the park through the soft twilight, but each time I tried I became entangled in some wild, strident argument which pulled me back, as if with ropes, into my chair’. This allows the reader to perceive the party as some sort of grotesque affair, which is unappealing. If the narrative voice had been from Myrtle or Tom’s characters, the party would have seemed much more entertaining and enticing. It highlights the fact that people in these settings were drawn into a life of drinking and promiscuity, whether they wanted to be there or not. In addition to this, the metaphor ‘†¦as if with ropes, into my chair’ emphasises the idea that Nick is trapped, almost as a prisoner, or someone being tortured. He is clearly not enjoying himself, and he is feeling forced into staying, as if he physically cannot leave. Alternatively, the use of ‘ropes’ that he became ‘entangled’ in may be symbolic of the tangled lies in which he has become involved in; he is with Tom’s mistress, despite the fact he should be loyal to his cousin, Daisy. The language used in describing New York as a city is key in allowing the reader to understand the relationship between Tom and Myrtle. The sky of the city is described as being ‘like the blue honey of the Mediterranean’. This simile is used to emphasise the sensuality and sexual basis through the presence of the word ‘honey’, which holds these connotations. This allows the reader to understand that due to the fact Tom and Myrtle’s apartment is in this ‘honey’ city, their relationship lies on the basis of sex, rather than deep romance. Alternatively, an interpretation of this could be that the sweetness of honey lures people into the city, and that the people attack it to consume, almost like bees. It allows the reader to understand that people were driven by consumerism. F Scott Fitzgerald uses a number of narrative techniques to tell the story in chapter 2 of ‘The Great Gatsby’. The reader gets a clear understanding of the elaborate lives lived by the wealthy through these techniques, and are  introduced to the consequences of such lives for the first time. The introduction of new characters such as Myrtle are also used to enhance the other characters, such as Tom, and his adulterous side. The new setting of New York City also highlights the excessive consumerism at the time, and produces more context.

Peru for Spanish Students

Pest Analysis Example - 999 Words

PEST Analysis Example If you re a student of marketing and business studies then you must have come across the term PEST Analysis . Here are a couple of PEST Analysis examples to clarify the concept further. You cannot imagine the amount of hard work and research that is involved whenever a new product or commercial utility is launched. For that matter, any change in the business management and development strategy calls for minute scrutiny of the environment which would form the background for such change. It is with respect to this detailed dissection of the environment and the proper understanding of the verdict that is assimilated from such dissection that any decision pertaining to expansion, entry, exit or any other†¦show more content†¦Economic policies of government regarding the restaurant industry and running eating joints; these may include licenses, inspections by Health and Food Ministry departments, etc. Economic Factors: Interest rate would impact the cost of capital, the rate of interest being directly proportionate to the cost of capital. Rate of inflation determines the rate of remuneration of employees and directly affects the price of the restaurant s products. Again, the proportion between the inflation rate and wages/prices is direct. Economic trends act as an indicator of the sustenance and profitability of your business in the chosen region and help you in deciding your marketing strategy. Social Factors: Certain cultures abhor certain foods. For instance, Hindus will not eat beef and Muslims would not even touch pork. Therefore knowledge of these cultural facts about your business environment will help you decide whether or not you ll be able to do any business there. Eating habits of the people in your chosen business environment may, and certainly will, affect your marketing decisions. Ratio of people preferring to eat out regularly. Technological Factors: A good technicalShow MoreRelatedPEST Analysis Essay examples524 Words   |  3 PagesPEST Analysis The PEST analysis is a useful tool for understanding market growth or decline, and as such the position, potential and direction for a business. A PEST analysis is a business measurement tool. PEST is an acronym for Political, Economic, Social and Technological factors, which are used to assess the market for a business or organizational unit. 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